International Parliamentary Scholarships at the German Bundestag Location: Berlin - Germany

The German Bundestag collaborates with the Humboldt University in Berlin to run its International Parliamentary Scholarships (IPS) scheme.

This gives well qualified young people with a strong interest in politics from the USA and Central, Eastern and South Eastern Europe the opportunity to gain first-hand experience of Germany’s system of parliamentary government.

The scheme involves fifteen-week placements with Members of the German Bundestag. The participants are introduced to the wide variety of tasks carried out in a Member’s office. For example, they may find themselves drafting speeches, articles and letters or doing preparatory work for plenary sittings.

The exchange programmes of the German Bundestag are conceived of as exciting ways of teaching young people about the significance of friendly cooperation based on shared political and cultural values.
Would you like to work at the German Parliament?

The German Bundestag invites you, in cooperation with the Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Technische Universität Berlin, to apply for an International Parliamentary Scholarship (IPS) to spend five months in Berlin. The IPS program is aimed at highly qualified young men and women who are interested in politics and who wish to play an active and responsible role in shaping the democratic future of their country. The German Bundestag, the German Parliament, offers young people the opportunity to get to know the German parliamentary system and political decision-making processes and to gain practical experience of parliamentary work during a 15-week work placement with a Member of the Bundestag. The scholarship-winners are chosen by the German Bundestag’s independent selection panel.

Requirements:
University degree
Very good knowledge of German
Under the age of 30 at the start of the scholarship

Scholarship:
450 euros per month
Free accommodation
Insurance and travel expenses
For more information visit this link

Internship at Miller und Meier consulting Location: Berlin - Germany

Internship with miller und meier consulting,
Political Consulting and Public Affairs 
miller und meier consulting offers internships for students and graduates in the fields of political consulting and public affairs with immediate effect.
Are you interested in strategy consulting, political communication and its practical implementation? Do you want to gain an insight into the exciting everyday life of an agency in the political centre of Berlin? You should then apply for an internship with miller und meier consulting, Political Consulting and Public Affairs!
We offer you

• the possibility to demonstrate your skills in the following areas: comprehensive internet research for proposals, composition of short political analyses, preparation of a newsletter in English, drafting of articles, German/English translations
• participation in all working areas of the agency
• comprehensive overview of the field of political consulting and public affairs
• internship for a period of 3 months minimum, monthly allowance
• a young, flexible, fun and open-minded team, excellent working atmosphere and free coffee, tea and biscuits

We expect

• a minimum of 4 semesters/2 years of studies (subject focus on political science, history, business/economics, communication studies, cultural studies)  
• a general interest in politics, current affairs and political communication
• German language skills: native speaker level required
• excellent written and oral English language skills
• good knowledge of Microsoft Office (esp. MS Word, Excel, Powerpoint)

Interested? Please send your application via email to:
miller und meier consulting, Politikberatung und Public Affairs
Constanze Miller
karriere@miller-meier.de  
www.miller-meier.de 

Coordination and Organisation Internship at Transparency International

The Berlin Civil Society Center helps global civil society organisations (CSOs) to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their work. By bringing together the sector’s top leaders, facilitating communication and enabling cooperation, the Center aims to achieve concrete results to be implemented in the work of CSOs.
Over the last four years the Center has established itself as the joint platform of the world’s leading CSOs. Events like Vision Works - the global Chairs and CEOs meeting and Global Perspectives, a meeting of the most eminent CEOs have become fixed dates in the calendars of key leaders in the civil society sector. Organisations like Amnesty International, Caritas, CBM, ChildFund Alliance, Greenpeace, CARE, Oxfam, Plan International, Terre des Hommes, Transparency International and World Vision are supporters and regular participants at the Center’s events.
Furthermore, as the Secretariat of the INGO Accountability Charter, the Center supports a key effort to improve the civil society sector‘s accountability. The Charter outlines the sector’s common commitment to excellence, transparency and accountability and the Center is supporting the Charter in an interesting and crucial phase implementing a newly adopted strategy. Please find more detailed information on the Charter’s own website: www.ingoaccountabilitycharter.org.
The Center also currently supports the ICSO Advisory Group of the Open Forum for CSO Development Effectiveness in the lead-up to the Fourth High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness held in Busan in late November 2011.
Based on a small team of dedicated and ambitious professionals, the Berlin Civil Society Center strives for excellence. For more information, please visit us at: www.berlin-civil-society-center.org

MA Research Training Program at Humboldt University, Berlin

Scholarship for International Students for Research Training Program in Social Sciences M.A. (MA RTP) at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Study Subject(s):Social Sciences
Course Level:Masters
Scholarship Provider:Humboldt-University
Scholarship can be taken at: Germany
Eligibility:Applications from international graduates are especially welcome. Applicants must have a first university degree (Diploma, Master or Bachelor with at least 240 ECTS) in political science, sociology or an adjacent discipline.
Scholarship Open for International Students: Yes
Scholarship Description: The MA RTP is a new one-year master program especially designed for international graduates wanting to start a PhD-program in Germany.
-It is taught at the Institute of Social and Political Sciences at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
- Core element of the master program is an individual curriculum to provide every student with the best possible preparation for an application at a Graduate School or Research Training Group in Germany.
How to Apply: Online
Scholarship Application Deadline: 15 July 2011
Further Scholarship Information and Application

Bringing Migration and History into the Equation: Re-Imagining Nationhood and Belonging, Jewish Museum Berlin, 5-7 October 2011‏

Migration poses challenges to European societies as we know them today; indeed, the inclusion of immigrants in these societies has become a controversial issue in most European countries.
Both of these statements are reflected in ongoing debates in numerous European countries. All too often, immigrants are seen as "Others" when it comes to constructing national cohesion and patterns of belonging and identity. The "Othering" of immigrants, perhaps best seen as a process of social construction and engineering, is closely interrelated with social, economic, linguistic and, increasingly, religious questions.
However, immigrant inclusion and exclusion cannot be regarded without reference to historical, cultural and symbolic questions. Thus the analysis of identity formation and collective identities in multiethnic societies brings the political scope of identity politics, historical representations and national narratives to the fore. It entails theoretical and practical questions of (newly) constituting nationhood and transcultural belonging, as well as re-positioning ethnic/migrant minorities in the public sphere.
This conference, Bringing Migration and History into the Equation: Re-Imagining Nationhood and Belonging, will address this intersection of migration, identity formation and belonging from comparative and historical perspectives. The emphasis will be on the intersection of history, politics and commemorative practices/strategies. Case studies as well as theoretical contributions are welcome. We invite the submission of papers on the following topics:
- Migrant inclusion and political/historical representation;
- (Re)formation of nationhood and identities under conditions of diversity;
- Writing, teaching and displaying history in immigrant societies;
- Social and cultural practices/strategies of institutions, organisations and communities to represent migrants and their cultures/histories;
- Transnational and mediated public spheres;
- Borders and belongings: From guest workers and refugees to post-migrants;
- Methodological and theoretical contributions with regard to identity formation, identity politics and historical representation of migration;
The conference will be composed of:
- an opening panel for a larger audience, including invited spokespeople from politics and art;
- a keynote opening lecture;
- panels based on academic papers;
- roundtables with short statements to generate new questions and ideas;
Contributions may be either (longer) academic papers or (shorter) input statements for roundtables, focused on innovative and relevant topics. The conference will be framed by the 50th anniversary of the German-Turkish labor recruitment contract in October 2011. Its commemoration raises a number of questions which will be contextualized in a comparative and international framework. The conference will take up the case of fifty years of German-Turkish labor agreements to shed light on more general issues
stated above. A follow-up conference will be held in Essen in spring 2012, focussing on Lieux de mémoire [places/sites of memory] of migration history. The October 2011 conference is open to scholars in the Humanities and the Social Sciences in the widest sense (anthropology, ethnology, geography, history, law, political sciences, sociology etc.). Abstracts for papers or contributions to roundtables will be considered on a competitive basis. The number of speakers for panels will be limited to 25. Limited financial
support for participants to subsidize expenses for accommodation is available upon request.
Submissions of abstracts (max. 600 words) and a short biographical note (not more than two pages) including a list of (selected) publications are welcomed until June 30, 2011. Papers and contributions will be circulated in advance and must be received by September 25, 2011. Please indicate if you intend to give a full paper or wish to participate in a roundtable.
For further information please visit
http://www.network-migration.org/workshop2011 (accessible from June 1, 2011)
or contact ohliger@network-migration.org.
Submission deadline: June 30, 2011
Please send your application to ohliger@network-migration.org
The selection committee will select and notify the participants by early July 2011.

3 different Internships, Knowledge and Research Department Transparency International Berlin, Germany

Internship in the Knowledge and Research Department
The TI Secretariat in Berlin is seeking a highly motivated intern for its Knowledge and Research Department.
Transparency International (TI) is the global civil society organisation leading the fight against corruption. Through more than 90 chapters worldwide and an international secretariat in Berlin, Germany, TI raises awareness of the damaging effects of corruption and works with partners in government, business and civil society to develop and implement effective measures to tackle it.
The Knowledge and Research Department is responsible for leading the organisation’s research work on anti-corruption, coordinating a range of complementary products and activities. Specific initiatives include the production of corruption measurement tools, such as the Corruption Perceptions Index, the Bribe Payers Index, the Global Corruption Barometer and National Integrity System Country Studies. For more information on knowledge products and projects, see: www.transparency.org/policy_research.
Main function: Research Intern
Starting date and duration: 1 July 2011, six months.
Remuneration: EUR 400 per month
Location: Berlin, Germany
Key responsibilities
Contributing to research and advocacy activities as required (including on aid and corruption).
Assisting the U4 Helpdesk (www.transparency.org/policy_research/u4_helpdesk) with research as needed to respond to demand-driven queries.
Conducting and contributing to quantitative and qualitative analysis on anti-corruption indices, indicators and monitoring systems, as well as basic data analysis for the Global Corruption Barometer.
Supporting department administrative work on related activities, as well as the department’s Director,
Contributing to the research of the TI’s new anti-corruption research network.
Knowledge, experience, interests, and skills
Advanced university degree in public policy, international law, international studies, development economics or a related social science field.
Some background in current anti-corruption discourse, policies and players.
Previous experience working on higher level research and/or advocacy activities with a think tank or non governmental organization.
Strong research and writing skills; editing experience preferred.
Demonstrated ability to work in a fast-pace office environment, multi-task projects and meet deadlines.
Experience carrying out quantitative research and analysis.
Familiarity with statistical packages such as STATA, SPPS or R is an asset.
Excellent spoken and written English. Arabic, French and/or Spanish language an asset
How to apply
To apply for this internship please send a one page cover letter (outlining your motivation) and CV, preferably by email, to:
Craig Fagan
TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL
Alt Moabit 96
10559 Berlin
Germany
cfagan@transparency.org
The closing date for applications is COB 10 June 2011.
Kindly note that a valid work permit for Germany is required and that interns must take out their own health insurance before starting the internship.
Students of the German universities must submit a confirmation of enrolment.
Transparency International is an equal opportunity employer. To learn more about Transparency International visit our website at www.transparency.org
For more information on internships please see the TI Internship Guidelines posted at: http://www.transparency.org/contact_us/work
We thank all applicants for their interest in this internship. Please note only short-listed candidates will be contacted.
Internship in the Global Advocacy and Legal Advice Centre (ALAC) Programme
The Transparency International Secretariat in Berlin is seeking a highly motivated intern for its Global Advocacy and Legal Advice Centre (ALAC) Programme
Transparency International (TI) is the global civil society organisation leading the fight against corruption. Through more than 90 chapters worldwide, and an international Secretariat in Berlin, Germany (TI-S), TI raises awareness about the devastating impact of corruption and works with partners in government, the private sector and civil society to develop and implement effective measures to tackle it.
TI’s chapters currently operate more than 60 Advocacy and Legal Advice Centres (ALACs) in more than 45 different countries. The centres provide legal advice and assistance to victims and witnesses of corruption, helping citizens pursue corruption-related complaints and encouraging them to come forward. By using information gained from cases (either individual cases or common themes running through a variety of cases), the centres are then able to advocate for systemic reform based on concrete evidence.
The centres have proven to be effective in empowering people in the fight against corruption. Their advocacy campaigns also create a virtuous circle, helping establish the profile and reputation of the centre, which in turn, encourages more citizens to join in the struggle and resist corruption.
Description of Internship
Main function: Researching, drafting and supporting the publication of human interest and success stories, case studies and global communications materials for ALACs.
Starting Date: 4 July 2011
Duration: six months, full time Monday to Friday (40 hrs week)
Location: Berlin, Germany
Remuneration: 400, Euro per month Key responsibilities:
Draft “Human Interest Stories”, based on the cases managed by the legal advice centres
Work closely with TI’s communications department in the editing and publication process.
Contribute to the production of ALAC communications and fundraising materials
Assist with ALAC data collection and management at the global level
Assist in administration, research, documentation, record-keeping, and logistical tasks related to supporting TI ALACs globally
Contribute to content development for TI online products (website, blog, Google maps, etc) section on ALACs
Contribute to the content development of the TI Intranet section on ALACs
Knowledge, experience and skills:
Journalistic/writing background, with a strong interest in gathering facts and reporting on stories, with high intercultural awareness and sensitivity
Experience writing about complex, politically and legally sensitive subjects for non-expert audiences is useful
Excellent written and spoken English required.
Knowledge of French, Arabic, Spanish or Russian is an asset.
Previous international experience is an asset
Familiarity with the work of non-profit advocacy organisations is an asset.
Strong user skills with standard computer applications such as MS Excel, Word, Outlook and Access required.
To apply:
Qualified candidates should submit a letter of motivation, a short CV and a short writing sample (about 2 pages, non-academic, in English) via email to:
jduffy@transparency.org.
The closing date for applications is 27 May 2011 Interested candidates whose internship is sponsored by other organisations are encouraged to apply.
Legal requirements for the paid internship:
Kindly note that a valid work permit for Germany is required and that interns must take out their own health insurance before starting the internship.
Students of the German universities must submit a confirmation of enrolment.
Transparency International is an equal opportunity employer.
To learn more about Transparency International visit our website at: www.transparency.org.
TI Internship Guidelines are posted at: http://www.transparency.org/contact_us/work
We thank all applicants for their interest but only short-listed candidates will be contacted.
Internship in the Global Outreach and Campaigns Department
Transparency International’s Secretariat in Berlin offers six-month internships with focus on Campaigns and Advocacy with the starting dates in April and October 2011.
Transparency International (TI) is the global civil society organisation leading the fight against corruption. Through more than 90 chapters worldwide and an international secretariat in Berlin, Germany, TI raises awareness of the damaging effects of corruption and works with partners in government, business and civil society to develop and implement effective measures to tackle it. TI’s global network of chapters and contacts use advocacy campaigns to lobby governments to implement anti-corruption reforms.
TI’s advocacy has three broad goals:
EXTERNAL to TI-S - Advocating to strategically influence key stakeholders at the international, regional and national level in the fight against corruption.
INTERNAL to TI-S - Facilitating the development of internal TI-S strategies, organizational partnerships and resources (internal understanding and skills supported by materials and training) to create culture change within TI towards an advocacy orientation.
BROADER TI MOVEMENT - Building a network of individuals with the capacity to plan, implement and monitor advocacy among TI National movement. Training TI members in Europe, Africa and Asia-Pacific in workshops conducted on specific anti-corruption projects.
Description of Internship
Duration: Six months (full time);
Starting Dates: April 2011 and October 2011;
Remuneration: EUR 400 per month;
Location: Berlin, Germany.
Key responsibilities:
Assisting with the implementation of a number of specific advocacy skill building projects, including with TI-S regional programmes or special projects.
Liaising with contact groups and National Chapters on advocacy and the TI Global Campaign;
Assisting the security programme, which advocates for the protection of anti corruption advocates, as necessary;
Assisting the programme doing outreach to international institutions such as the G8 and the G20
Various administrative and budget management tasks.
Knowledge, experience and skills:
Excellent knowledge of English (written and spoken) is a requirement; a working knowledge of French and/or Spanish is a strong asset.
Excellent administration and office management skills including proficiency in Microsoft Office.
Experience in campaigning, activism and/or journalism
Some knowledge of, and considerable interest in, the work of TI and the field of anti-corruption (required);
How to apply:
Interested candidates should send a one page cover letter and CV, preferably by email, to: advocacyinternship@transparency.org
The closing date for the April internship is 31 March 2011.
The closing date for the October internship is 27 May 2011.
Please indicate in the cover letter whether you are interested in the April or the October internship, or in both.
Kindly note that a valid work permit for Germany is required and that interns must take out their own health insurance before starting the internship.
Students of the German universities must submit a confirmation of enrolment.
Transparency International is an equal opportunity employer. To learn more about Transparency International visit our website at www.transparency.org
For more information on internships please see the TI Internship Guidelines posted at: http://www.transparency.org/contact_us/work
We thank all applicants for their interest in this internship. Please note only short-listed candidates will be contacted.
Internship in the Africa and Middle East Department (SSA)
The TI Secretariat in Berlin is seeking a highly motivated, pro-active intern to support its work in the Africa and the Middle East Department (Sub-Saharan Africa team).
Transparency International (TI) is the global civil society organisation leading the fight against corruption. Through more than 90 chapters worldwide and an international secretariat in Berlin, Germany, TI raises awareness of the damaging effects of corruption and works with partners in government, business and civil society to develop and implement effective measures to tackle it.
Description of Internship
Main function: Assisting the Sub-Saharan Africa team in their work
Starting Date: 04 July 2011
Duration: Six months (full time)
Remuneration: EUR 400 per month.
Location: Berlin, Germany
Key responsibilities:
Assisting with the implementation of a number of projects, including a regional programme focused on promoting transparency and integrity in basic service delivery in Sub-Saharan Africa (TISDA);
Assisting with the financial reporting for on-going projects;
Assisting with preparations for participation of delegates from National Chapters to attend a series of programme-related workshops in Africa (flight and hotel bookings, and other logistical issues);
Liaising with contact groups and National Chapters on these and other issues;
Assisting with the production of TI publications, by providing translation and/or proof reading of documents;
Monitoring international media for issues of interest to TI;
Other various administrative tasks and support to the Africa/Middle East department.
Knowledge, experience and skills:
Academic background in political science / international relations (other relevant fields will be considered);
Very good financial skills and financial reporting experience (required);
Excellent knowledge of MS Office applications including proven experience of working with Excel at an advanced level (required);
Excellent knowledge of English or French (written and spoken) and at least very good knowledge of the other language (required);
Some knowledge of, and considerable interest in, the work of TI and the field of anti-corruption;
Knowledge of, or proven interest in, the Africa and Middle East region;
Adaptable and flexible personality, able to handle multiple tasks and workloads, ability to prioritise own work;
Demonstrated interpersonal skills and effective communication abilities, good team player;
Some prior office experience very desirable;
To apply:
Qualified candidates should submit a one-page cover letter and CV (in English) via email to afmeinternship@transparency.org
The closing date for applications is 3 June 2011.
Kindly note that a valid work permit for Germany is required and that interns must take out their own health insurance before starting the internship.
Students of the German universities must submit a confirmation of enrolment.
Transparency International is an equal opportunity employer. To learn more about Transparency International visit our website at www.transparency.org
For more information on internships please see the TI Internship Guidelines posted at: http://www.transparency.org/contact_us/work
We thank all applicants for their interest in this internship. Please note only short-listed candidates will be contacted.

Berlin Summer School in Social Sciences - Linking Theory and Empirical Research, 17-19 July 2011‏

Berlin Summer School in Social Sciences - Linking Theory and Empirical Research, 17-19 July 2011‏

The Berlin Summer School in Social Sciences – Linking Theory and Empirical
Research aims at promoting young researchers by strengthening their
methodological understanding in linking theory and empirical research. In a
first step, we tackle the key methodological challenges of causation,
micro-macro-linkage, and concept-building that occur in all research
efforts. In a second step, we look at how certain empirical fields deal with
these challenges and – by referring to selected empirical studies – what
solutions have been found to overcome them. Furthermore, participants are
provided with hands-on research advices and have the opportunity to present
their own work and approaches to these issues.

The Berlin Summer School is a joint endeavor of two of Germany’s leading
social science institutions, the Berlin Graduate School of Social Sciences
(BGSS) at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and the Social Science Research
Center Berlin (WZB).

The two-week summer school both attracts internationally renowned scholars
and draws back on Berlin-based faculty. Among the confirmed international
lecturers are Craig Calhoun (New York University), John Gerring (Boston
University), Gary Goertz (University of Arizona), Michèle Lamont (Harvard
University), Dietrich Rueschemeyer (Brown University), and Jonathan H.
Turner (University of California, Riverside).

The international summer school is open to thirty PhD candidates. Due to
generous funding by the BGSS and the WZB, there will be no tuition fee. We
have applied for additional funding and thus might be able to cover travel
and accommodation costs for all participants. A decision is expected soon.
Five ECTS Credit Points can be granted due to successful completion.

The call for applications has begun. Application can be submitted online
until May 15, 2011.

For additional information please visit our webpage at:
www.berlinsummerschool.de or contact directly Johannes Gerschewski at
gerschewski@wzb.eu

Training Programme at Deutsche Welle, Berlin

The training program of the Classic Traineeship alternates between theory and practice.

1. Practical TrainingDeutsche Welle's training program is geared toward real life situations. In the course of 18 months, the trainees go through various German language departments of the Deutsche Welle in Bonn and Berlin. They can also gather practical experience at DW Studio Brussels or DW-Hauptstadtstudio Berlin, DW-TV's studio overlooking parliament in Germany's capital city.

2. Compact SeminarsPractical training is supplemented with a total of three one-month seminars at DW-AKADEMIE. Here, trainees have the opportunity to fine-tune their journalistic knowledge and skills with in-house and guest trainers. The topics include the following:

• journalistic formats
• research methods and presenting techniques
• working with texts, sounds and pictures
• designing Web sites
• basic training in video journalism
• journalistic ethics and press law

3. Posting of Choice Each trainee has the opportunity to select a one-month external posting at a location of their choice. Whether it's a broadcaster or a different kind of institution, at home or abroad -- the posting of choice is a unique opportunity to give your traineeship a personal touch that could prove decisive in the future.

Duration of Traineeship 18 months

Traineeship LocationsBonn and Berlin

Remuneration

1st six months: 1,442.98 €

2nd six months: 1,531.03 €

3rd six months: 1,613.41 € 

http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,3401174,00.html

Internship at Women’s Rights Division of Human Rights Watch (“HRW”) in Berlin

Internship at Women’s Rights Division of Human Rights Watch (“HRW”) in Berlin

The Women’s Rights Division of Human Rights Watch (“HRW”) is currently seeking a graduate or undergraduate for an internship in the Berlin office to assist with roughly three types of tasks:
·         Research: The intern will assist the researcher for Europe and Central Asia of the division with research into women’s rights violations in the UK, Turkey, Hungary and Romania. Specific topics will include rights of migrant women and domestic violence.
·         Monitoring and Advocacy: The intern will be occasionally be asked to follow certain debates in Brussels, in the European Parliament, to participate in NGO network meetings, to set up meetings, to draft emails and to follow European Union policy developments in the field of women’s rights.
·         Administration: The intern will also be responsible for some administrative tasks including contact management, filing, drafting correspondence, updating databases and translating.
This internship is unpaid, however, some lunch and travel costs may be reimbursed.  Students are often able to arrange academic credit, as HRW internships often offer direct exposure to the workings of an international human rights organization, close supervision by the HRW staff, interaction with international organizations and foreign and domestic government officials, and opportunities to attend lectures, trainings and special events relating to human rights.  Students should check with their individual academic institutions for requirements.

Qualifications:  This position is open to Law, European Studies, Social Studies or International Relations students or graduates, with strong language and communications skills. Applicants should be well-organized, self-motivated and reliable, with a strong interest in women’s human rights.  Excellent oral and written command of English is essential, and French would be considered an added value. Interns must be available to commit to this internship placement for a period of at least four months.
How to Apply: Please apply immediately (no calls or email inquiries, please) by sending a letter of interest, CV, contact information for two references, and a brief, unedited writing sample (of no more than two pages) to wrd@hrw.org.  Please use "WRD-Berlin Internship Application" as the subject of your email.  Only complete applications will be reviewed.  
Human Rights Watch is an equal opportunity employer that does not discriminate in its hiring practices and, in order to build the strongest possible workforce, actively seeks a diverse applicant pool. 
* * *
Human Rights Watch is an international human rights monitoring and advocacy organization known for its in-depth investigations, its incisive and timely reporting, its innovative and high-profile advocacy campaigns, and its success in changing the human rights-related policies and practices of influential governments and international institutions.  Human Rights Watch's Women's Rights Division was established in 1990 to monitor state-sponsored or state-tolerated violence against women and sex discrimination in all regions of the world.